Bibliography
Rate of POI
Asgeirsson, T., El-Badawi, K. I., Mahmood, A., Barletta, J., Luchtefeld, M., & Senagore, A. J. (2010). Postoperative ileus: it costs more than you expect. Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 210(2), 228–231.
Goldstein, J. L., Matuszewski, K. A., Delaney, C. P., Senagore, A., Chiao, E. F., Shah, M., Meyer, K., & Bramley, T. (2007). Inpatient economic burden of postoperative ileus associated with abdominal surgery in the United States. P AND T, 32(2), 82.
Novel study of 160 the coded incidence of POI in 160 hospitals in a national comparative database. While they acknowledge that POI is certainly under coded, the rate of coded POI for small and large intestinal surgery respectively was 14.9% and 19.2%.
Venara, A., Meillat, H., Cotte, E., Ouaissi, M., Duchalais, E., Mor-Martinez, C., Wolthuis, A., Regimbeau, J. M., Ostermann, S., Hamel, J. F., Joris, J., Slim, K., & GRACE Collaborative Group For Ileus Study. (2020). Incidence and Risk Factors for Severity of Postoperative Ileus After Colorectal Surgery: A Prospective Registry Data Analysis. World Journal of Surgery, 44(3), 957–966.
This study focused on the incidence of POI in enhanced recovery programs for colorectal surgery. They assessed the incidence of POI in a prospective registry of colorectal resection across 40 centers in five different countries. Importantly, all patients in this study were cared for under an enhanced recovery program. The incidence of POI was 15%. Interestingly, compliance with the enhanced recovery protocol was not associated with reduced rate of POI.
Rate and Cause of Readmissions
Asgeirsson, T., El-Badawi, K. I., Mahmood, A., Barletta, J., Luchtefeld, M., & Senagore, A. J. (2010). Postoperative ileus: it costs more than you expect. Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 210(2), 228–231.
Grass, F., Crippa, J., Lovely, J. K., Ansell, J., Behm, K. T., Achilli, P., Hübner, M., Kelley, S. R., Mathis, K. L., Dozois, E. J., & Larson, D. W. (2020). Readmissions Within 48 Hours of Discharge: Reasons, Risk Factors, and Potential Improvements. Diseases of the Colon and Rectum, 63(8), 1142–1150.
Merkow, R. P., Ju, M. H., Chung, J. W., Hall, B. L., Cohen, M. E., Williams, M. V., Tsai, T. C., Ko, C. Y., & Bilimoria, K. Y. (2015). Underlying reasons associated with hospital readmission following surgery in the United States. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 313(5), 483–495.
This study highlights the major issue that POI plays in readmissions across a broad cross-section of surgical procedures. In this study, hospital readmission were examined in abdominal and non-abdominal surgical procedures using NSQIP data from 374 hospitals. POI was the 2nd leading cause of readmission for all patients (10.3%) and the first or second leading cause of readmission in bariatric, colorectal, hernia, and hysterectomy procedures.
Challenges of postoperative oral refeeding
Hui, V., Hyman, N., Viscomi, C., & Osler, T. (2013). Implementing a fast-track protocol for patients undergoing bowel resection: not so fast. American Journal of Surgery, 206(2), 152–158.
Nazzani, S., Bandini, M., Preisser, F., Mazzone, E., Marchioni, M., Tian, Z., Stubinski, R., Clementi, M. C., Saad, F., Shariat, S. F., Montanari, E., Briganti, A., Carmignani, L., & Karakiewicz, P. I. (2019). Postoperative paralytic ileus after major oncological procedures in the enhanced recovery after surgery era: A population based analysis. Surgical Oncology, 28, 201–207.
This study challenges the assumption many have that the era of ERAS and fast-track protocols has solved the problem of POI. The authors evaluated outcomes for 10 oncologic surgical procedures over time using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample in over 3.4 million patients. Overall they found no change in POI rates over time and, in fact, saw increases in POI rates for colectomy, cystectomy, pancreatectomy, and gastrectomy.
Merkow, R. P., Ju, M. H., Chung, J. W., Hall, B. L., Cohen, M. E., Williams, M. V., Tsai, T. C., Ko, C. Y., & Bilimoria, K. Y. (2015). Underlying reasons associated with hospital readmission following surgery in the United States. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 313(5), 483–495.
This study highlights the major issue that POI plays in readmissions across a broad cross-section of surgical procedures. In this study, hospital readmission were examined in abdominal and non-abdominal surgical procedures using NSQIP data from 374 hospitals. POI was the 2nd leading cause of readmission for all patients (10.3%) and the first or second leading cause of readmission in bariatric, colorectal, hernia, and hysterectomy procedures.